Theoretical English grammar - Учебное пособие

в теоретические проблемы грамматики осуществляется на фоне обобщающего описания основ грамматического строя английского языка. CONTENTS Preface Chapter I. Grammar in the Systemic Conception of Language. Chapter II. Morphemic Structure of the Word Chapter III. Categorial Structure of the Word Chapter IV. Grammatical Classes of Words Chapter V. Noun: General Chapter VI. Noun: Gender Chapter VII. Noun: Number Chapter VIII. Noun: Case Chapter IX. Noun: Article Determination Chapter X. Verb: General Chapter XI. Non-Finite Verbs (Verbids) Chapter XII. Finite Verb: Introduction Chapter XIII. Verb: Person and Number Chapter XIV. Verb; Tense Chapter XV. Verb: Aspect Chapter XVI. Verb: Voice Chapter XVII. Verb: Mood Chapter XVIII. Adjective Chapter XIX. Adverb Chapter XX. Syntagmatic Connections of Words Chapter XXI. Sentence: General Chapter XXII. Actual Division of the Sentence Chapter XXIII. Communicative Types of Sentences Chapter XXIV. Simple Sentence: Constituent Structure Chapter XXV. Simple Sentence: Paradigmatic Structure Chapter XXVI. Composite Sentence as a Polypredicative Construction Chapter XXVII. Complex Sentence Chapter XXVIII. Compound Sentence Chapter XXIX. Semi-Complex Sentence Chapter XXX. Semi-Compound Sentence Chapter XXXI. Sentence in the Text A List of Selected Bibliography Subject Index PREFACE This book, containing a theoretical outline of English grammar, is intended as a manual for the departments of English in Universities and Teachers Colleges. Its purpose is to present an introduction to the problems of up-to-date grammatical study of English on a systemic basis, sustained by demonstrations of applying modern analytical techniques to various grammatical phenomena of living English speech. The suggested description of the grammatical structure of English, reflecting the authors experience as a lecturer on theoretical English grammar for students specialising as teachers of English, naturally, cannot be regarded as exhaustive in any point of detail. While making no attempt whatsoever to depict the grammar of English in terms of the minutiae of its arrangement and functioning (the practical mastery of the elements of English grammar is supposed to have been gained by the student at the earlier stages of tuition), we rather deem it as our immediate aims to supply the student with such information as will enable him to form judgments of his own on questions of diverse grammatical intricacies; to bring forth in the student a steady habit of trying to see into the deeper implications underlying the outward appearances of lingual correlations bearing on grammar; to teach him to independently improve his linguistic qualifications through reading and critically appraising the available works on grammatical language study, including the current materials in linguistic journals; to foster his competence in facing academic controversies concerning problems of grammar, which, unfortunately but inevitably, are liable to be aggravated by polemical excesses and terminological discrepancies. In other words, we wish above all to provide for the condition that, on finishing his study of the subject matter of the book, under the corresponding guidance of his College tutor, the student should progress in developing a grammatically-oriented mode of understanding facts of language, viz. in mastering that which, in the long run, should distinguish a professional linguist from a layman. The emphasis laid on cultivating an active element in the students approach to language and its grammar explains why the book gives prominence both to the technicalities of grammatical observations and to the general methodology of linguistic knowledge: the due application of the latter will lend the necessary demonstrative force to any serious consideration of the many special points of grammatical analysis. In this connection, throughout the whole of the book we have tried to point out the progressive character of the development of modern grammatical theory, and to show that in the course of disputes and continued research in manifold particular fields, the grammatical domain of linguistic science arrives at an ever more adequate presentation of the structure of language in its integral description. We firmly believe that this kind of outlining the foundations of the discipline in question is especially important at the present stage of the developing linguistic knowledge - the knowledge which, far from having been by-passed by the general twentieth century advance of science, has found itself in the midst of it. Suffice it to cite such new ideas and principles introduced in the grammatical theory of our times, and reflected in the suggested presentation, as the grammatical aspects of the correlation between language and speech; the interpretation of grammatical categories on the strictly oppositional basis; the demonstration of grammatical semantics with the help of structural modelling; the functional-perspective patterning