The relationship between the child and nature. Environmental education of today"s children. Consideration of the conditions necessary for the simultaneous formation of the primary concepts of the child and his intellectual development as a whole.
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The University of Gomel Gomel, Belarus The principle of systems differentiation in ecological education Gennady N. Karopa gkaropa@tut.by The objectivity of the principle of systems differentiation was proved in the works of neuro-physiologists I. Sechenov and N. Chuprikova, psycho-linguist A. Potebnya, psychologists Jean Piaget and L. Vygotsky, etc. According to Sechenov, the childs learning of the external world always begins with the break-down of some panorama of sensual images not dismembered previously. And this process is organically connected with the occurrence of the childs first words-concepts. Following the childs social maturing and the enrichment of his vocabulary this panorama of images, generalized and not broken, gradually becomes more and more dismembered, more differentiated into separate structural elements making up the whole panorama. In the basis of this process there is a splitting into separate parts of the originally integral psychological reality. The principle of systems differentiation determines this process. These components gradually link with the signs of the language, i. e. words, and become carriers of the elements of thoughts. They are separated from the real world and thus receive an opportunity of free functioning in various acts of mental activity and thinking as a whole. The prominent psycho-linguist A. Potebnya emphasizes that the childs cognition always goes from the whole to the parts by means of systems differentiation of the wholeness. Potebnya specifies that the development of any childs idea begins with the decomposition of primarily integral and generalized sensual images by means of speech. This is some wholeness in which a subject, its properties, the childs actions and his attitudes to this subject are organically merged. In the process of speech they are divided from each other, differentiated and they act as independent realities. Such a differentiation is a necessary condition to form simultaneously the childs primary concepts and his intellectual development as a whole. child nature environmental education Considering the development of the child as the process of his organic maturing J. Piaget marks that the childs first knowledge about his environment always represents syncretic formation («schemes», «scenarios», etc.) in which everything is in a disorderly heap being non-differentiated.
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