The main directions of the international and European standards implementation in professional training of specialists in the field of customs - Статья

The main directions of the international and European standards implementation in professional training of specialists in the field of customs Рroblem statement. Global processes of standardization of systems and forms of training, national systems of professional qualifications, focus on the unification of professional standards and qualification frameworks have concerned and influenced the sphere of vocational training in the field of Customs and led to the development of a theoretical and practical foundation of the concepts of professional standards for Customs staff as a tool of Customs qualification characteristics unification. However, an urgent need for highly qualified specialists of Customs administrations able to operate in the conditions of global international trade and effectively solve professional tasks as well as practice economic, political and legal knowledge and use modern information technologies has encouraged educators and experts in field of Customs all over the world to find relevant forms, methods and means of training, revise the content of professionally-oriented disciplines, develop necessary prerequisites for making students capable of independent and creative professional activities. Thus, professional standards as an instrument to unify and standardize a particular set of knowledge, skills and behavior of Customs administrations personnel required to effectively perform international trade regulation in order to meet national goals began to play a significant role in the modernization of training of professionals in the field of Customs. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Foreign scientists and experts in Customs affairs [18; 19] launched a study on unification of professional standards within the Customs profession, in particular, analyzed the methods and technologies needed to enhance the professionalism of Customs officers [20], considered professional standards as tools for the implementation of strategic international instruments and conventions. To continue these researchers, the WCO experts in collaboration with the scholars from the International Network of Customs Universities under the PICARD program completed a set of standards for Customs officers professional education [17, p. 3], advanced the idea of introducing professional standards in Customs training programs and strengthening links between academic institutions and regional / national training centers [22] as well as developed the EU Customs Competency Framework [14]. Ukrainian and Russian scientists, in their turn, studied theoretical background of educational and professional standards (V. Blinov [1], S. Klepko [3], V. Lyednov [2], O. Ovcharuk [6]; presented scientific ideas concerning professional development of specialists in the field of Customs (A. Krupchenko [4], V. Kukharenko [5], O. Pavlenko [8], A. Pankratov [9], L. Shornikov [11]); proposed the ways of the international professional standards implementation into the professional training of Ukrainian Customs officers (O. Pavlenko [8], O. Triakina [10]). Purpose of the article. Under the conditions of greater demand for Customs professionals with comprehensive knowledge of economic, political, legal processes, technical innovations as well as necessary professional skills closely connected with increased flow of goods and trade liberalization, it is reasonable to research the main tendencies in professional education of specialists in the field of Customs as to the implementation of Customs professional standards being developed both at the international and European levels. Main material. Professional standards as a tool to unify and standardize a particular set of knowledge, skills and behavior of Customs administrations staff required to effectively carry out the regulation of international trade in order to meet national goals began to play a significant role in the modernization of training of professionals in the field of Customs. As a result, specialized training programs were developed in some countries, but until recently there has been no coordination or standardization of these individual efforts. Therefore, since 2005 under the auspices of the WCO the process of unification and harmonization of many individual interests and developments in the field of professional training of Customs officers began to create a set of common, internationally recognized standards for the professional development of executives of Customs administrations. As a consequence, in May 2008 the WCO under the program PICARD [16, p. 3] and in collaboration with the International Network of Customs Universities completed professional standards for Customs staff training. The idea of introducing professional standards in Customs training programs, strengthening links between academic institutions and regional / national training centers was approved in the strategic document PICARD 2020 [22] adopted at the sixth conference PICARD in Geneva in September