The impact of private philanthropy on cultural policy at the local level in Russia - Магистерская работа

FEDERAL STATE AUTONOMOUS EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIN FOR HIGHER EDUCATION NATIONAL RESEARCH UNIVERSITY HIGHER SCHOOL OF ECONIMOICS Faculty of Social Sciences Master thesis The impact of private philanthropy on cultural policy at the local level in Russia Field of study 41.04.04 Political Science Master’s program ‘Political Analysis and Public Policy’ Department of Public Policy Ksenia Olenina Moscow 2017 Table of Contents Introduction Research design Literature review 1. Theoretical aspects of philanthropy 1.1 Corporate citizenship, social responsibility and philanthropy: definitions of concepts 1.2 Stakeholder’s theory of philanthropy 1.3 Carroll’s CSR pyramid 2. Cultural policy and corporate philanthropy in Russia 2.1 Cultural policy in Russia 2.2 Corporate philanthropy formation and development in Russia 2.3 Government regulation of corporate philanthropy (legal aspects) 2.4 The role of the state in corporate philanthropy 2.5 Political environment for philanthropy 3. The impact of corporate philanthropy in cultural sphere on the regional level 3.1 Potanin’s fund and the field of public policy in Russia 3.2 Timchenko’s fund and its activities in cultural sphere 3.3 Gridchinhall fund and its activities in cultural sphere 3.4 Mechanisms of interaction between the state and philanthropic actors within cultural sphere 3.4.1 Regions in which corporate philanthropy is developed 3.4.2 Background of corporate philanthropy and cultural policy in Perm 3.4.3 The impact of cultural philanthropy on the regional level 3.4.4 The case of Perm state art gallery 3.4.5 Mechanisms of interaction between philanthropic actors and their stakeholders Conclusion Bibliography Appendix 1 Introduction Economic, social, political and cultural transformations of the last decades have formed prerequisites for the emergence of philanthropic actors and institutions in our country. The process of philanthropy development in Russia is in its process of establishment. Due to the shift toward market relations, Russian cultural policy also has undergone changes. It cannot be seen as only governmental priority. We perceive state as the main actor which formulates agenda, main priorities in its policy. But nowadays other actors like corporate and private charitable funds have come to the forefront. They also can take responsibilities for citizens’ well-being. Such actors may interact with the state in the form of public-private partnership or as separate actors which undertake the responsibilities of charitable giving in order to help people or other organizations. Their main responsibility is to provide public goods. Very often such actors being independent are supported by the governmental structures and they together participate in the decision-making processes. Sometimes the owners of such funds can influence the decisions by the means of political lobbying. All this enables us to call such organizations full-fledged actors of policy, in particular, public policy because mostly they act and behave in the interest of public. Applicability of this issue is caused by both factors - the necessity of theoretical and methodological reflection and practical application. Modern cultural policy is a field of interaction between different actors according to which policy strategies are being formulated. These changes are in a need of concepts and mechanisms definition of project implementation within cultural sphere from the prospective of their impact on outputs in social sphere together with providing succession of local and territorial development and supporting variety of innovations in the sphere of culture. Almost all the large transnational companies publish reports regarding developments in this area. The philosophy of social responsibility spreads to the financial markets, where private investors while decision making process of cash investment take into account how the business matches ethical or environmental criteria. Practices of corporate giving are also becoming widespread in Russia. They are not of local character and exist not only in the capital. Being spread in different regions, they have become all-Russian. What is important, corporate funds act mostly in different regions. So, in our country business allocates significant amounts of money to support social and charitable projects, development of territories and communities. According to experts and media reports, Russias big business allocates 10-12% of their funds on charitable projects. According to the British Charities Aid Foundation (CAF), the Corporations share in the total amount of charitable aid provided in Russia is about 75%. The total amount of corporate philanthropy in Russia is estimated at about $3 billion a year. These figures give the evidence that it is important to investigate the phenomenon of corporate giving in Russia and its influence on territorial and local development. Аs most of the projects are implemented with the participation of the state, it is necessa