The history of Australian film industry - Реферат

The history of Australian film industry film industry cinema australian The cinema of Australia has a long history. It has been characterised as one of boom and bust due to the unstable nature of its industry; there have been deep troughs when few films were made for decades and high peaks when a glut of films reached the market. The history beginning with «The story of the Kelly Gang» in 1906. [See appendix 5] The film traces the life of a legendary bushranger Ned Kelly. It was written and directed by Charles Tait. The films approximate reel length was 4,000 feet (1,200 m). According to the synopsis given in the surviving program, the film originally comprised six sequences. These provided a loose narrative based on the Kelly gang story. [1, p. 86] In 2007 The Story of the Kelly Gang was inscribed on the UNESCO Memory of the World Register for being the worlds first full-length feature film. [10] Arguably The Salvation Army in Melbourne operated one of the world’s first film studios called The Limelight Department between 1897 and 1910. The Limelight Department produced evangelical material for use by the Salvation Army, as well as private and government contracts. In its 19 years of operation, the Limelight Department produced about 300 films of various lengths, making it the largest film producer of its time. [3, p. 57] The first «boom» in Australian film occurred in the 1910s. Between 1910 and 1912, almost 90 narrative films were made. While these numbers may seem small, Australia was one of the most prolific film-producing countries at the time. [5] There are various explanations for the subsequent demise of the industry. Some historians have pointed to falling audience numbers, a lack of interest in Australian product and narratives, and the decision to participate in World War I. Another explanation is concerned with anti-competitive behavior between film distributors and cinemas. Between 1906 and 1912 Australias burgeoning film industry produced more feature-length films than Britain or the USA, but in 1912 Australasian Films and Union Theaters established a monopoly over production, distribution and exhibition and shut out smaller producers. That opened the way for US distributors in the 1920s to sign exclusive deals with Australian cinemas to exhibit only their products, thereby crippling the local film industry. [2, p. 12] The Australian New Wave (also known as the «Australian Film Revival» and the «Australian Film Renaissance») was an era of resurgence in worldwide popularity of Australian cinema. The most famous movies are: «Practical Magic», «Moulin Rouge!», «The Others», «The Hours», «Dogville», «Cold Mountain», «The Stepford Wives», «Bewitched», «Margot at the Wedding», «The Golden Compass», «Rabbit Hole». [See appendix 6] [6] Kidman sang in Rob Marshall`s movie-musical «Nine», with Daniel Daylewis, Penelope Cruz, Judi Dench, Sophia Loren, Marion Cottilard and Fergie. Nicole has been married twice, with Tom Cruise, and now with Keith Urban. In the beginning of 2009 Nicole Kidman appeared in a series of special edition postage stamps featuring some of Australias best actors. She, Geoffrey Rush, Russell Crowe, and Cate Blanchett each appear twice in the series: once as themselves and once as their Academy Award-winning character. Charitable work. She has raised money for, and drawn attention to, disadvantaged children around the world. In 2004, she was honored as a «Citizen of the World» by the United Nations. Kidman was appointed Goodwill Ambassador of the United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM) in January 2006. In this capacity, Kidman has addressed international audiences at UN events, raised awareness through the media and testified before the United States House of Representatives Committee on Foreign Affairs to support the International Violence against Women Act. Kidman visited Kosovo in 2006 to learn about womens experiences of conflict and UNIFEMs support efforts. She is the international spokesperson for UNIFEMs Say NO - UNiTE to End Violence against Women initiative. Kidman and the UNIFEM executive director presented over five million signatures collected during the first phase of this to the UN Secretary-General on 25 November 2008. Kidman and the UNIFEM executive director presented over five million signatures collected during the first phase of this to the UN Secretary-General on 25 November 2008. [9] Nicole Kidman has a lot of awards in film industry. · Academy Awards Oscar 2003 - The Best Actress (for the film «The Hours») · Internationale Filmfestspiele Berlin 2003 - Silver Bear for best acting job (for the film «The Hours») · Golden Globe Award 1996 - Best Actress in a Musical or Comedy (for the film «Die For») · Golden Globe Award 2002 - The Best Actress in a Musical or Comedy (for the film «Moulin Rouge!») · Golden Globe Award 2003 - The Best Actress in a Drama film (for the film «The Hours») · MTV Movie Awards 2002 - The Best Actress (for the film «Moulin Rouge!