Oxygen carriers in CLC process. State of art. General oxygen carriers characteristics. Dry impregnation method. Fluidized Beds. Advantages and disadvantages of the Fluidized-Bed Reactor. Gamma alumina. Preparing of solution. Impregnation calculations.
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THESIS FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Preparation of Cu-based oxygen carriers for Chemical-looping combustion By Rosen Angelov Professor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Stefan Heinrich Supervisors: Dipl.-Ing. Marvin Kramp Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Thon Hamburg 2012 Contents Introduction 1. Theoretical part 1.1 Capturing of CO2 1.2 Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) 1.3 Oxygen carriers in CLC process 1.3.1 State of art 1.3.2 General oxygen carriers characteristics 1.3.3 Dry impregnation method 1.4 Fluidization 1.5 Fluidized Beds 1.5.1 Advantages and disadvantages of the Fluidized-Bed Reactor 1.6 Objectives 2. Experimental part 2.1 Materials 2.1.1 Gamma alumina 2.1.2 Copper(II) nitrate trihydrate 2.2 Preparing of solution 2.3 Impregnation calculations 2.4 Description of Fluidized bed reactor 2.5 Description of process of impregnation 2.6 Calcination 3. Results 3.1 SEM analyze of materials 3.1.1 SEM pictures at 250x zoom 3.1.2 SEM pictures at 1500x zoom 3.1.3 Discussion of the SEM pictures 3.2 Fluidization of the materials. Calculating the minimum fluidization velocity 3.2.1 Puralox (?-Al2O3) 3.2.2 Impregnated/dried Al2O3/Cu(NO3)2 3.2.3 Al2O3/CuO used in CLC facility 3.2.4 Discussion on fluidized tests Conclusions Acknowledgement References Introduction These days are generally accepted that the greenhouse gas in developed industrial countries must be reduced as much as possible. Carbon dioxide is one of the most important greenhouse gases contributing to global warming. The CO2 capture and storage (CCS) is a process involving the separation of CO2 and the storage over the long term. There are different CCS technologies available or under development, but most of them are consuming a lot of energy and cost a lot of money. The original idea of Chemical-looping combustion with using “solid oxidizing agents”, or as they are called now oxygen carriers, was born back in 1954 by Warren Lewis and Edwin Gilliland. Their original idea was producing pure CO2, which was free of inert gasses like nitrogen [1]. CLC as a term was used for first time in 1987 by Ishida et al. [2]. The next few years there are several publications in literature about CLC (Ishida & Jin, 1994; Anheden, N
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