Theories of Learning and Teaching Styles as Instrument of Enhancing the Language Teaching Process. The Theory of Learning Styles in Kazakhstan and Abroad.The Matching Learning and Teaching Styles as a Key Issue of Modern Foreign Language Teaching.
D. Kolb’s model therefore works on two levels - a four-stage cycle: 1. Concrete Experience - (CE) 2. Reflective Observation - (RO) 3. Abstract Conceptualization - (AC) 4. Active Experimentation - (AE) and a four-type definition of learning styles, (each representing the combination of two preferred styles, rather like a two-by-two matrix of the four-stage cycle styles, as illustrated below), for which D. Kolb used the terms: 1. Diverging (CE/RO) 2. Assimilating (AC/RO) 3. Converging (AC/AE) 4. Accommodating (CE/AE) (Appendix A) [8]. D. Kolb explains that different people naturally prefer a certain single different learning style. Various factors influence a person’s preferred style: notably in his experiential learning theory model D. Kolb defined three stages of a person’s development, and suggests that our propensity to reconcile and successfully integrate the four different learning styles improves as we mature through our development stages. The development stages that D. Kolb identified are: 1. Acquisition - birth to adolescence - development of basic abilities and cognitive structures 2. Specialization - schooling, early work and personal experiences of adulthood - the development of a particular specialized learning style shaped by social, educational, and organizational socialization 3. Integration - mid-career through to later life - expression of non-dominant learning style in work and personal life [7]. Whatever influences the choice of style, the learning style preference itself is actually the product of two pairs of variables, or two separate choices that we make, which D. Kolb presented as lines of axis, each with conflicting modes at either end: Concrete Experience - CE (feeling) - V - Abstract Conceptualization - AC (thinking) Active Experimentation - AE (doing) - V - Reflective Observation - RO (watching) A typical presentation of D. Kolb’s two continuums is that the east-west axis is called the Processing Continuum (how we approach a task), and the north-south axis is called the Perception Continuum (our emotional response, or how we think or feel about it) [6].
Вы можете ЗАГРУЗИТЬ и ПОВЫСИТЬ уникальность своей работы
