Characteristics and sources of homonyms and homographs. Classification of homonyms. Subgroups of homonyms, simple lexico-grammatical partial homonyms. The contribution of word-building to the growth of homonymy. Shortening as a type of word-building.
Homonymy and its Sources Homonyms are words which are identical in sound and spelling (or, at least, in one of these aspect), but different in their meaning. For example, bank, n - a shore; bank, n - an institution for receiving, lending, exchanging money. If groups of synonyms and pairs of antonyms are created by the vocabulary system and can be regarded as the treasury of the language’s expressive resources, homonyms are accidental creations, and therefore purposeless. In the process of communication they are more of an encumbrance, leading sometimes to confusion and misunderstanding. Yet it is this very characteristic which makes them one of the most important sources of popular humor. The pun is a joke based upon the play upon words of similar form but different meaning (i. e. on homonyms) as in the following: A Scotchman was going on an excursion to New York. He handed the agent a ten-dollar bill as the agent call “Change at Jersey City”. “no jokes now - I want my change right away!” said the frightened
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