Review of works on the creation and study of environmentally friendly nanostructured polymer composites. Technology of production and application of nanocellulose. Development of new environmentally friendly hydrophobic polymer composites, their scope.
Green nanostructured biodegradable materials Short Review Kraft-paper with a density of 50-70 g/m2 and cardboard with a density of 300-400 g/m2 were selected as cellulose substrates. Films of biodegradable plastics [23]: · Mater-Bi (Novamont Co.) · Natura (Natura Co.), · Biopol (Monsanto Co.) were used for protective coating of the cellulose substrates. The biodegradable plastics Mater-Bi and Natura contain polycaprolactone (PCL) and starch; Biopol contains poly-hydroxy-butyrate-valerate (PHBV). The novel various biodegradable hydrophobic polymer materials (BHM) in the form of aqueous dispersions were applied [24]. : · BHM-B - the basic type of BHM) was synthesized by emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate with the addition of a small amount of acrylic acid and other needed reagents. The concentration of vinyl acetate and acrylic acid copolymer (VAC) in BHM-B emulsion is 35-45%. BHM-B is intended to create a grease-repellent coating on the surface of cellulose substrate. Other types of BHM composition were also developed. · BHM-GW intended to create a grease- and water-repellent coating, was prepared by the addition of a cross linking agent (for example, dime thy lolurea) to the basic BHM emulsion. · BHM-W is intended for waterproof coating; it was prepared by the addition to the basic BHM emulsion of a cross linking agent and an emulsion of the natural Carnauba wax. · BHM-U - two-layer-deep barrier coating of the type was applied on the substrate surface: the first, primer, layer consists of BHM-B and the second layer consists of a hot-melt glazing composition of natural wax, higher aliphatic acids and natural fillers. Polymer films were applied on the substrate surface by means of lamination technology. Coating of the cellulose substrate with BHM emulsions and compositions was carried out by bar coater. Emulsion-coated substrate was dried at a temperature of 150-180 °C. The layer composites created have bread- butter (A) or sandwich (B) structures (Figure 16[25]). These composites can consist of a thin (10-30 micrometer) protective coating layer (1) and a relatively thick (0.5-2 mm) layer of cellulose substrate (2). composite nanocellulose polymer Figure 16.
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