English for Law Students - Учебное пособие

Однако вступление в силу Закона о судах и юридических услугах 1990 г. не оставляет практически никаких надежд на скорое объединение двух адвокатских профессий в Англии. groundings unity experienced unavailable advisory justice clear and distinct well-grounded duplicating inefficiency extra money plaintiff double tariff status GRAMMAR SECTION Grammar to be revised: English Tenses (Active Voice) Ex. 1. Complete the questions put by Mr Brown to his son using the Indefinite Tenses: - Well, my boy, _______ you (to know) anything about the legal system of Great Britain?. - What _______ (to be) almost unique about the English legal system?. - Who (to advise) you on legal matters of all kinds?. - Who (to have) the title of Queen’s Counsel and who (to bestow) it?. - What term _______ they (to use) for English barristers in Scotland?. Prove your idea. If you (to give) the correct answers to all these questions, I (to be satisfied) with your studies at the College of Law. - I just (to come back) from England. Much (to happen) in the science of law during the past decades. After hundreds of years, times (to change) now and specially qualified solicitor advocates (to appear) in the High Court and in the Crown Court. 13. С 1990 года барристеры имеют право делать объявления о своих услугах в газетах. 10. However, the laws enforced by government can be changed. In fact, laws frequently are changed to reflect changes in a society’s needs and attitudes. Word Study Ex. 1. Read the international words and guess their meaning. Mind the stress. limit form object aspect person sphere status operate analyze social standard function mechanism morality activity production ‚individual ‚corporation ‚civilization ‚distribution ‚regulator constitutional ad‚ministration Ex. 2. Complete the list of derivatives. Use a dictionary if necessary. Verb noun (agent) noun (concept) to promote to legislate legislator legislation to operate to distribute to regulate to violate to separate to administrate Ex. 3. Pair the words in column B with the ones from column A. A B forms set standard sphere system distribution object part violation range man-made status of exchange of labour of law of encroachment objectives of citizens laws of behaviour of interests of morality of relationships of rules Ex. 4. Decide which of the verbs you would use with the noun phrases you have identified in Ex. 3. 1. to fix, 2. to embrace, 3. to act, 4. to define, 5. to limit, 6. to operate, 7. to punish, 8. to apply, 9. to defend, 10. to achieve, 11. to follow, 12. to determine. Ex. 5. Add nouns to the following adjectives to form noun phrases. Adjectives: modern, chief, legal, existing, individual, subsequent, extensive, administrative, constitutional, moral. Nouns: status, approach, claim, event, sphere, relations, rules, system, precept, forms. Ex. 6. How are the following ideas expressed in the text? 1. to bear (oneself) in a socially-acceptable or polite way; 2. rightness or pureness of behaviour or of an action; 3. the control or direction of affairs, as of country or business; 4. an object to be won; 5. a guiding rule on which behaviour is based; 6. to make laws; 7. a statement of something at last; 8. the body of laws and principles according to which a country is governed; 9. a condition that determines one’s formal position; 10. the way or order of directing business in an official meeting, a law case; 11. to fight or struggle against; 12. the act or result of encroaching; Ex. 7. Match English and Russian equivalents. forms of behaviour установленная норма нравственного поведения to regulate the relations различать главное требование to define a set of rules устанавливать правовой статус the pattern of behaviour простая сумма правил a standard of morality форма поведения man-made law образец поведения moral precepts широкий ряд социальных целей a broad range of social objectives определять формы управления to discern a chief claim издавать закон против чьих-либо пороков to influence subsequent events объект посягательства to fix the forms of administration нечеткое различие to determine the legal status нравственные заповеди to lay down the measures определять набор правил the mere sum of rules закон, созданный человеком a vague distinction регулировать отношения to legislate against one’s defects влиять на последующие события the object of encroachment устанавливать меры to embrace spheres of production меры по борьбе с посягательством to be brought out as an enactment охватывать сферы производства measures for combating encroachment распознавать как законодательный акт Ex. 8. Choose the best alternative to complete the following sentences. The English word “law” refers to limits upon various / some forms of behaviour. Laws prescribe how people can / ought to behave. Law essentially serves two / four functions in modern society. There is a vague/clear distinction between man-made law and moral precepts. Law can appear as the highest achievement of civilization/