Dementia facts - Презентация

Dementia FACTSDEMENTIA is a term that describes a collection of symptoms that include decreased intellectual functioning that interferes with normal life functions and is usually used to describe people who have two or more major life functions impaired or lost such as memory, language, perception, judgment or reasoning; they may lose emotional and behavioral control, develop personality changes and have problem solving abilities reduced or lost.Different classification schemes for dementias cortical (memory, language, thinking, social ) subcortical (emotions, movement, memory), progressive (cognitive abilities worsen over time) primary (results from a specific disease such as Alzheimer"s disease) secondary (occurs because of disease or injury)C auses of dementia Alzheimer"s disease Vascular dementia Lewy body dementia: is common and progressive where cells in the brain"s cortex die and other contain abnormal structures (Lewy bodies); symptoms overlap with Alzheimer"s disease but also include hallucinations, shuffling gait, and flexed posture with symptoms that may vary DAILYC auses of dementia Frontotemporal dementia: is dementia linked to degeneration of nerve cells in the frontal and temporal brain lobes and some evidence for a genetic factor HIV-associated dementia: is due to infection of the brain with HIV virus; symptoms include impaired memory, apathy, social withdrawal, and concentration problems.C auses of dementia Huntington"s disease: is a heredity disorder caused by a faulty gene and children of a person with the disorder have a 50% chance of getting the disease Dementia pugilistica: is also termed Boxer"s syndrome, is due to traumatic injury (often repeatedly) to the BRAINDEMENTIAS in children While infections, trauma and poisoning can lead to dementia in both children and adults, there are some dementias that are unique to children but may result in mental problems, seizures, reduction or loss of motor skills, blindness, neurodegeneration and death; many are inherited disorders such as Niemann-Pick disease, Batten disease, Lafora disease and mitochondrial abnormalities.Other conditions that may cause dementia : Reactions to medications endocrine and metabolic problems nutritional deficiencies infections subdural hematomas poisoning heart and lung PROBLEMSALL causes of dementia result from death and damage of nerve cells in the brain; genetics and possibly the formation of different types of inclusions in the brain cells are likely the major causes, although some researchers suggest that certain inclusions may be only side effects of an underlying disorder.Risk Factors for Dementia include advancing age smoking mild cognitive impairment Down syndrome genetics (family history) alcohol Atherosclerosis high cholesterol, diabetes high plasma homocysteine LEVELSD iagnosis of dementia Dementia is diagnosed by using many methods such as patient"s medical and family history, physical exam, neurological evaluations, cognitive and neuropsychological testing, CT"s, MRI"s and other brain scans, mental status exams, electroencephalograms, blood tests, psychiatric evaluations, and even some pre-symptomatic tests are available for some patients that may have a genetic link to dementia. Most treatments for dementia will neither reverse or stop the disease; however, there are treatments and medications that may reduce the symptoms and slow the disease progression; they are tight glucose control by persons with diabetes, intellectual stimulating activities, lowering cholesterol and homocysteine levels, regular exercise, education, controlling inflammation of body tissues, using NSAID"s and possibly other medications.Dementias in Children Niemann-Pick disease В is a group of inherited disorders that affect metabolism and are caused by specific genetic mutations. Symptoms may include dementia, confusion, and problems with learning and memory. These diseases usually begin in young school-age children but may also appear during the teen years or early adulthood.Dementias in Children Batten disease В is a fatal, hereditary disorder of the nervous system that begins in childhood. Eventually, children with Batten disease develop dementia and become blind and bedridden.