Blood Vessel Wall. Classes of Arteries. Atheromatous plaque. Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis. Age as a risk factor. Factors affecting plasma lipid levels. Additional Risk Factors. Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis. Components of Atherosclerotic plaque.
Done By : Abdimanap Amitakhun Atherosclerosis Checked By : Lozenko Irina Vladimirovna Department of Foreign languages GM ТАУ 048-2Normal Blood Vessel Wall Vessel walls are organized into three concentric layers: intima, media, and adventitia These are present to some extent in all vessels but are most apparent in larger arteries and veins. 2Normal Blood Vessel Wall Blood vessel walls 1. а The three tunics: a ) а Tunica aintima (1) а Endothelium (2) а Subendothelial alayer b) а Tunica media (1) а Smooth muscle (2) Elastin c) а Tunica adventitia (externa) (1) а CT(Connective tissue) surrounding TM(Tunica Media) (2) а Arterioles in larger vessels 3Normal Blood Vessel Wall 4Normal Blood Vessel Wall Arterial walls are thicker than corresponding veins at the same level of branching to accommodate pulsatile flow and higher blood pressure. 5Classes of Arteries Arteries a) а Elastic arteries ТАУ large arteries near heart b) а Muscular (distributing) arteries ТАУ thick tunica media c) а Arterioles-Diameter regulated by vasoconstriction/dilation 6Atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis is a disease of large and medium-sized muscular arteries and is characterized by ТАУ endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and the buildup of lipids, cholesterol, calcium, and cellular debris within the intima of the vessel wall. а 7Atherosclerosis It is characterized by intimal lesions called atheromas (also called Atheromatous or atherosclerotic plaques), that protrude into vascular lumina. 12Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis Major risk factors (Non Modifiable)-Increasing Age Male gender Family history Genetic abnormalities 13Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis Lesser, Uncertain, or Nonquantitated Risks-Obesity Physical Inactivity Postmenopausal estrogen deficiency High carbohydrate intake Lipoprotein(a) Hardened (trans)unsaturated fat intake Chlamydia pneumoniae infection 14Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis Potentially Controllable-Hyperlipidemia Hypertension Cigarette smoking Diabetes C-reactive protein 15Age as a risk factor Age is a dominant influence.
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