Английский язык для экономических специальностей (English for economists) - Учебное пособие

Учебно-методическое пособие по английскому языку Автор: Г.П. Исаева Настоящее учебно-методическое пособие построено на традиционных принципах методики и предназначено для студентов заочных отделений экономических вузов и факультетов, специализирующихся в области маркетинга и менеджмента, а также для широкого круга специалистов-экономистов, изучающих английский язык. Основная цель данного пособия - сформировать у обучающихся умение читать и переводить оригинальную литературу по специальности и познакомить с вопросами управления и маркетинга в Англии и США. Притяжательные местоимения. Text. The market economy Unit 3 Grammar: 1. Past simple. 2. Формы инфинитива. Text. Management and control of companies Unit 10 Grammar: 1. [antrcprc`nc:(r)] - предприниматель to deal with - заниматься чем-либо employment - занятость to increase - увеличивать interest - процент John Maynard Keynes - Джон Мейнард Кейнс Text. Economics Economics, social science concerned with the production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of goods and services. Economists focus on the way in which individuals, groups, business enterprises, and governments seek to achieve efficiently any economic objective they select. Other fields of study also contribute to this knowledge: Psychology and ethics try to explain how objectives are formed; history records changes in human objectives; sociology interprets human behavior in social contexts. Standard economics can be divided into two major fields. The first, price theory or microeconomics, explains how the interplay of supply and demand in competitive markets creates a multitude of individual prices, wage rates, profit margins, and rental changes. Microeconomics assumes that people behave rationally. Consumers try to spend their income in ways that give them as much pleasure as possible. As economists say, they maximize utility. For their part, entrepreneurs seek as much profit as they can extract from their operations. The second field, macroeconomics, deals with modern explanations of national income and employment. Macroeconomics dates from the book, The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money (1935), by the British economist John Maynard Keynes. Government The London Government Act (1963) authorized the creation of a two-tiered government consisting of 32 borough councils and the Greater London Council. The borough councils are locally elected and are responsible for local functions. Until its abolition in 1986, the Greater London Council administered broad functions for the metropolitan area as a whole, such as overall planning, the coordination of transportation systems, and the management of parks. The council comprised 100 councilors, locally elected, and 15 aldermen, elected by the councilors. The historic Corporation of the City of London is equivalent in function to a borough council. Since the reign of King John in the 13th century, citizens of the City of London have had the right to elect their own mayor. The corporation government is composed of the Lord mayor, who is elected annually by members of the livery companies (guilds); 25 aldermen, who are elected for life; and 153 council members, who are elected annually from 25 wards. Формы притяжательных местоимений Число Лицо I форма (зависимая) II форма (независимая) 1-е my- мой, моя, мое, мои mine- мой, моя, мое, мои Един- 2-е your- твои, твоя, твое, твои yours- твой, твоя, твое, твои ствен- his- его his- его ное 3-е her- ее hers- ее its- его, ее (о неодушевлен- its- его, ее ных предметах) Множе 1-е our- наш, наша, наше, наши ours- наш, наша, наше, наши ствен- 2-е your- ваш, ваша, ваше, ваши yours- ваш, ваша, ваше, ваши ное 3-е their- их theirs- их 6. The need to chose (to impose) on us all by our income, wealth and ability to borrow. 3.