Age technologies in leisure activities - Статья

Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts Age technologies in leisure activities Oliinyk Oksana PhD in Psychology, associate professor of the cultural and leisure activities department Purpose of the Article The research deals with the search for new approaches to the organization of leisure for the representatives of various age categories (children, teenagers, young people, adults and old people) by widening of their worldview, activation of skills, implementation of new technologies of socio-cultural activity and leisure at each stages of life cycle. Methodology. The methodology of the study includes the principles (democracy, humanism, connection with life, system and complex approaches, age social and psychological peculiarities) and the methods (education, organization of the activity, motivation) of the leisure industry in different demographic groups. Олійник Оксана Олексіївна, кандидат психологічних наук, доцент кафедри культурно-дозвіллєвої діяльності Київського національного університету культури і мистецтв Вікові технології у дозвіллєвій діяльності Мета роботи. The above-mentioned features of the problem determine its actuality. It requires the studying of age entertainment technologies and their role in the formation and expansion of human outlook during the whole life. Analysis of the Researches and Publications. The uniqueness of human development at different age stages and the role of the age features in the selection of forms and types of entertainment are studied in psychological, pedagogical and cultural scientific researches. M. Zatsepyna analysed the importance of the organization of cultural and leisure activities of preschool and primary school children in her works [4]. She reveals the foundations of the culture of a child personality and defines the ways and means of its forming in the process of organization of the child’s leisure time [4, 7-15]. According to the content direction, the researcher distinguishes such kinds of entertainment as theatrical, educational, sport and music literary concerts [4, 22]. It is interesting that the scientist extends the idea of self-education as a form of cultural and leisure activities of preschool and primary school children [4, 41-46]. Following L. Vygotskys conception about the zone of proximal development, M. Zatsepyna defines self-education as a purposeful cognitive activity, ruled by the personality of a child under the supervision of an adult [4, 41]. The modern approaches to the types, content and development of forms of the organization of leisure for children and youth are presented by such Ukrainian scientists as O. Bezpalko, I. Zvereva, V. Molochnyi, S. Monkov [11]. The researchers define educational training as the main form of children and youth organization. It aims at providing socio-cultural animation. It should be noted that the proposed by the authors practical tools of training aimed at developing the participants’ skills of projecting game programmes and topic days [11, 4]. It contributes to the improvement of the practically oriented capabilities of modern children and youth. In modern studies, the great attention is paid to the role of leisure as the area of teenagers and youth socialization. Scientists analyse leisure in the organization of spare time, intimate personal communications, the development of creative potential, self-realization, social norms and values of modern society, formation of the new social statuses and roles. It develops a teenager’s personality as an active subject of social activity and communication [7, 37]. However, we should note that the mass media form the leisure self-fulfilment of the growing personality. It mainly takes place out of culture institutions [7, 36]. Mostly the socialization of young people is held under the influence of value orientations and behaviour stereotypes. They are forming under the conditions of negative manifestations of the leisure field [6]. Many researchers focus on the issue of the self-development and self-fulfilment of a modern young man during leisure time. In addition, they study the socio-psychological characteristics of youth recreational space [3]. Unfortunately, there is a lack of the researches, devoted to the organization of entertainment for people of middle age and old ones. Scientists emphasize the role of leisure for old people in overcoming the pessimistic mood, enhancing of personal activity of aged people, shaping their vitality and maintaining their social relationships [1; 5; 10]. The peculiarities of age technologies in various types and forms of family entertainment are presented in the works of psychologists and cultural scientists. They involve family structure study, its types, cohesion, family roles, choice of various kinds and forms of family entertainments [1; 8; 9; 10]. The stereotypes of leisure for middle-aged and old people give us an opportunity to emphasize the actuality of the problem of age technologies in the leisure activi