Nature and value of the enterprise infrastructure - Реферат

INTRODUCTION Market economic processes in recent years have forced enterprises of Ukraine revise its policy on the effective use of all available resources to speedily resolve the problems of competitiveness and economic stability and improving the infrastructure of the enterprise Infrastructural complex enterprises should be considered as a set of functionally related organizations and institutions (logistical, institutional, economic, social and cultural), to support the implementation, management, organization, communication and management in the functioning of commodity markets. Production structure of the enterprise, in particular, are: - Support and service departments and the farm enterprise (repair, tool, energy, transport, storage, etc.); - Support and service station, located in the main shops; - Main facilities, communications networks, means of collecting and processing, environmental facilities and so on. (Figure 1.1) Composition and size of objects of industrial infrastructure businesses depend on the industry type and scale of production, design features and technology of production, level of specialization. Enterprise - is not only technical and technological integrity. Modern management is considering the company primarily as a group of people who r united to achieve common goals. Man at work is both a factor of production and source of its development. Therefore, the modern enterprise is to the community both economic and social responsibility. Direct action for social enterprises is reflected in the formation of social infrastructure of the enterprise. Social infrastructure - a combination of business units that provide fun social and cultural needs of the companys workers. Social infrastructure typically consists of units catering, health, childcare facilities, education, housing, recreation, physical education classes and sports. [2, 224] Organization and status of infrastructure significantly affect the economics of the enterprise. In modern terms in the maintenance of production in industrial enterprises operate from 40 to 50 / o of all industrial personnel. This is due not only relatively large amount of work to service primary production. Many support and service operations by their nature are difficult to mechanization and automation. Because of instability, irregularity and variety of these operations is difficult to plan, regulate and normalize. To support typical single units and small-scale types of production with a significant amount of manual labor. Disintegration of support and service agencies and facilities, low level of specialization and centralization led to their backwardness in technology and work organization. Analysis of the economic activity of enterprises shows a significant gap in technical and organizational level between the main and auxiliary production. In support and service operations below the level of mechanization and automation, significantly higher share of manual labor that makes the infrastructure bottleneck in most tsitchyznyanyh enterprises. [6, p.. 294] Progress in the development of techniques and technologies of the main causes of the need for adequate changes in manufacturing infrastructure businesses. Increased mechanization and automation of manufacturing processes increases the volume and complexity of the repair, maintenance and debugging facilities, provides a significant expansion of the range instrument, equipment and adaptations. The transition to new technologies and accelerating technological modes of the equipment increases the quality requirements and increases the need for different types of energy. Complications of production processes and the deepening of internal relations between units increases the volume of work in transportation. Constantly increasing the load on the communication network. This significantly increases the role and importance of industrial infrastructure businesses. The increasing role and importance of industrial infrastructure because: 1) increasing mechanization and automation of manufacturing processes increases the volume and complexity of the repair and adjustment equipment needs to be expanded range of tools, equipment and fixtures; 2) the transition to new technologies and the intensification of technological modes of the equipment requirements to improve quality and increase the need for different types of energy; 3) The complexity of manufacturing processes and the strengthening of internal relations between units increases the scope of work of transportation; 4) the burden on communications networks and environmental facilities are increasing. Operation of industrial infrastructure is significantly different from the activities of the major divisions. Its features are that the result of the infrastructure service is a productive type, its products do not exist independently, outside the production process. The feature elements of industrial infrastructure is their territorial independence. As the