Lexical and grammatical peculiarities of scientific-technical texts - Курсовая работа

Contents Introduction 1. Theoretical issues of translation 1.1 Development of translation notion in linguistics 1.2 Equivalence of translation 1.3 Types of translation 1.4 Pragmatics of translation 2. Lexical and grammatical peculiarities of scientific-technical texts 2.1 The characteristic of the scientific and technical language 2.2 Analysis of terminology in scientific-technical style Conclusion Bibliography Introduction At present time there is a great necessity to emphasize scientific-technical translation not only as a special kind of translation activity and special theory that investigates this kind of activity but as to assign scientific-technical translation a status of independent applied science. From the linguistic viewpoint peculiarities of scientific-technical are spread on its stylistics, grammar and lexics. The main task of scientific-technical translation is a possibly clear and precise bringing of the information to the reader. This can be achived by logical interpretation of actual material without explicit emotionality. The style of scientific-technical materials can be identified as formally logical. Scientific-technical texts reveal a great number of grammar peculiarities. The most typical lexical feature of scientific-technical materials is terms and terminology saturation as well as presence of lexical structures and acronyms. A special place in such materials are the texts oriented not only for this group language speakers but for representatives of a certain professional group with certain extralinguistic knowledge. The aim of this term paper is devoted to peculiarities of scientific-technical translation. The following tasks were set up to identify translation peculiarities of technical materials: 1. Reveal and describe common linguistic basis of translation, identify what peculiarities of language systems and functions are the foundations of translation process. 2. Classify main kinds of translation activity. 3. Research peculiarities of scientific-technical materials. 4. Study specific English terminology required for professional translation. 5. Analyse grammatical and lexical peculiarities of scientific-technical texts. The object of this research is some scientific-technical texts representing manuals for electric devices. The subject of this research is the translation of scientifi-technical materials. The paper consists of introduction, two chapters and conclusion. It is also provided with bibliography list. The introduction explains the urgency of the research theme, its theoretical and practical value, it identifies the object, subject, aim and tasks of the work. The first chapter of this research is devoted to the review of theoretical issues of translation, classification of translation and description of certain kinds of translation as well as types of texts being translated. The second chapter ivestigates scientific-technical terminology, morphological structure of terms (simple, compound, term phrases), it analyses the main approaches of their translation into English (use of equvalents, analogues, calking and transliteration), structure of scientific-technical terms, translation of full items, acronyms, company items and difficulties related to structure differences of compared languages. [11; 312] The English word brother has not only the meaning “брат but also some meanings expressed in Russian language by the words “собрат, “земляк, “коллега”, “приятель etc. And the Russian word “брат in the combination “двоюродный брат” corresponds not to the English word brother, but to the word cousin, which means not only “двоюродный брат” but also “двоюродная сестра. And, as a rule, it does not coincide in the text on SL and text on TL. But it concerns not to the plan of the contents, but to the plan of expression and is not the infringement of a principle of semantic equivalence of the texts of original and the text of translation. [15; 65] Last give an example to prove the fact given above. In the story of the known English writer S. Moem “A Casual Affair we can see the following sentence: Hed always been so spruce and smart; he was shabby and unwashed and wild-eyed . This is the Russian variant of this sentence: Прежде он был таким щеголем, таким элегантным, а теперь бродил по улицам Сингапура грязный, в лохмотьях, с одичалым взглядом.