Political protest in Ukraine on winter 2013-2014. Institutional traps in political practice of post-communist countries. A change of power in unconventional ways. The causes, characteristics and manifestations of political participation in the Ukraine.
Аннотация к работе
Інституційні пастки в політичній практиці посткомуністичних країн: випадок України Політичний протест зими 2013-2014 років в Україні за своїм типом є неконвенційною, а тому стихійним і непередбачуваним. Институциональные ловушки в политической практике посткоммунистических стран: случай Украины Политический протест зимы 2013-2014 годов в Украине по своему типу является неконвенционным, а потому стихийным и непредсказуемым. Since 2014 - hybrid state with electoral regime of competitiveness. The latter period started in Ukraine after the tragic shooting of peaceful protesters at Maidan Nezaleznosti in February 2014, flight of the President Yanukovych, the following reformation of the government and return to the constitutional model of 2004 according to which Ukraine became a parliamentary-presidential republic. Considering social demand for broadening instruments of political and social participation, which is accompanied by «institutionalization of protest» (new civic organizations, political parties, numerous social movements are being created) - there are grounds to state that current period will be more qualitative and substantial then previous ones, as it starts with the huge consolidation of society based on the idea of national state and democratic values, - i.e. principles, which formed the ground of the «revolution of dignity» 2013-2014. Despite official statements by the government of Mykola Azarov on «gradual improvement», standards of living of population were decreasing and it coincided with shrinking of democracy. However, economic reasons are secondary for the evolution of political turmoil of winter 2013-2014. Based on sociological surveys, the same reasons as in earlier conflicts made people go out to Maidan and settle there. First of all it was about repressions towards protesters (61 %), then general motive «to improve life in Ukraine» (51 %, was - 36 % during the first weeks of protest).