Cultural and linguistic features of the use of animalism to the concept BIRD in English and Ukrainian - Курсовая работа

In the second half of the last century the language as an active intermediary between the world of reality and human consciousness enters the field of view of many experts in linguistics which is related to such scientific disciplines: logic, ethnologists, psychologists, culture and so on. This confirms that the solution of numerous fundamental questions (e.g.the question of the categorization of the world, the ratio of language and mind) cannot be found within any private science.Thereby, a number of promising areaswithin the anthropocentric paradigm isdistinguished: cognitive linguistics (G.I. In addition to that the language is seen as a means of design and the implementation of knowledge about the world, both external and internal. However, the term “concept” in modern science of language has no monosemantic interpretation: that is to solve the problem of classification of concepts, methods to study the structure of the concept and its place in a number of linguistic terminology. The greatest interest in terms of research represents that concepts play an important role in the life of the ethnic group.Linguistic encyclopedic dictionary treats “concept as the phenomenon of the same order as the meaning of the word, but seen in another system connections like the value in the system of language, like the term in the system of logical relations and forms that are studied both in linguistics and in logic” [12, 384]. Conceived in his opinion, the concept is not always a substitute for real objects it can replace some of the real object or action, such as the concept of “justice” and, in general, replace all sorts of highly accurate and only thinking function [2, 270]. Nowadays we can distinguish tree basic approaches in modern linguistics which help us to understand the concept and which based on general states: the concept is a thing which names the concept, synonymous with the meaning. Kubryakova and they consider that the concept does not directly arise from the meaning of the word, as a result of clashes with the personal meaning of the word and the peoples experience of man, that is, concept is a mediator between words and reality. Yu.S.Stepanov equates the terms “notion” and “concept”: “The notion (concept) is the phenomenon of the same order as the meaning of the word, which is seen in another system connections; the value is in the system of language, understanding system logical relations and forms that are studied both in linguistics and in logic”[12, 384]. V.Z.Demyankov in his work “The notion and the concept in the literature and in scientific language” comes to the conclusion that the concept could be the basis for the notion: “... it is not always possible to “agree” to terms: sometimes more productive to reconstruct the usual meanings or concepts, and on the basis of perceptions, old concepts, not destroying them, to try to construct a new concept” [6, 45].These signs of consolidation are fasten in such sustained, symbols and associations: the Blue bird (the blue bird of happiness), the Arabian bird (Phoenix), the bird of piece (the dove of peace); to do something like a bird; to sing like a bird (to sing like a lark); nightingales will nor sing in a cage, etc.. In the minds of speakers of English a state or feeling of freedom is associated with the bird: “to get the bird” or “as free as a bird”. When it is understood that two people have identical views, opinions, or his behavior we say “birds of a feather flock together”, it means «одного гніздечка птиці» or «одного поля ягода». For centuries the image of birds in English culture contacted with the dream of heaven and with the mans wish to fly, so the last century, he has found himself at the forefront of discoveries and operated in aircraft: it is a form of bird supply aircraft designers all models of aircraft, and the lexeme is used in bird colloquially to describe any flying machine (airplane, rocket, artificial satellite) and in the names of some models, such as aircraft Hy-Bird, Little Bird, Sky bird, T-Bird, Bird of Prey, Lockheed, Black bird, satellites Hot Bird, Eurobird, etc. Also English phrase is “No man loves his fetters, be they made of gold” which translates like bands are always the burden, whether they made of gold and the Ukrainian language has the following equivalents: «Золота клітка соловя не тішить» та «Воля пташці краща від золотої клітки».Indeed, what could be worse for a bird that is born to fly under the arch of heaven than captivity in a small, even gold, gate.

Contents

INTRODUCTION

Part I. The concept and the significance in modern linguistics

1.1 The concept as the fundamental conception of cognitive linguistics

1.2 The problem of the definition between the concept and the significance

CONCLUSIONS TO PART I

Part II. Cultural and linguistic features of the use of animalism to the concept BIRD in English and Ukrainian

2.1 The use of animalism to the concept BIRD in English idioms

2.2 The use of animalism to the concept BIRD in Ukrainian phraseological units

CONCLUSIONS TO PART II

GENERAL CONCLUSIONS

THE LIST OF LITERATURE USED