Adaptive strategies of business incubators during economic crises in Russia - Дипломная работа

Правительство Российской Федерации Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшегопрофессиональногообразования Национальныйисследовательскийуниверситет Высшаяшколаэкономики Факультет бизнеса и менеджмента кафедра общего и стратегического менеджмента ВЫПУСКНАЯКВАЛИФИКАЦИОННАЯРАБОТА Натему: «Adaptive Strategies of Business Incubators during Economic Crises in Russia». Савенков Е.С. Москва, 2016г. TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract INTRODUCTION LITERATURE REVIEW Evolution of Business Incubation concept Defining a business incubator and incubation process Measuring the performance of business incubators Screening Practices Networking Quality of Management Incubation process and its elements Strategic management in non-profit organizations Impact of economic recession on SMEs and NPOs Adaptive strategies in response to economic downturn METHODOLOGY CASE STUDY Peculiarities of Business Incubators in Russia State of affairs in the business incubator in 2014 Crisis effects on the incubator Adaptation strategies of the BI HSE during the crisis DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES Abstract Many studies have considered business incubators regarding their role in supporting small innovative companies, however, despite this attention, previous research has insufficiently covered the issue of incubating process and business incubator strategy. This study attempts to empirically provide insights into the nature of patterns and strategies of adaptation that business incubators in Russia initiate during economic downturns. The problem of incubator strategy adaptation during recessions has been totally neglected in prior studies. This research uses the method of a case study and argues that business incubators are highly dependent on external environment, and its strategy should be coherent with theeconomic situation in the country and government policy to meet expectations of stakeholders. Results from a case study of the HSE business incubator illustrate that the incubator employs certain patterns of strategy adaptation to the present economic recession in Russia particularly taking a pro-active position in fighting the crisis and focusing on elaborating more flexible incubation model with shorter incubation programs and less rigorous screening practices. INTRODUCTION This study aims at revealing the empirical evidence of adaptation patterns and strategies that business incubators in Russia undertake during economic crises. Within this general purpose of the research, the following questions will be addressed: · Challenges in measurement of incubator-incubatee success · The impact of economic downturns on non-profit and for-profit organizations · Existing incubation models and their features · The development of strategic management in NPOs · Adaptation strategies of business incubators in hostile economic environment As only one BI is considered in the empirical part of this investigation, the generalization of the revealed adaptation practices to other Russian BIs is beyond the scope of the present research. This paper is, for the most part, a case study, which intends to evaluate the ascertained problem empirically under specific conditions of the HSE BI. Another serious limitation deals with the developing stage in incubation industry in Russia. There does not exist a commonly accepted theoretical framework on how the incubation process should be performed. This deficiency also provides some serious difficulties that cannot be overcome in this study. However, both limitations mentioned seem possible to combat in the future research. This study might significantly contribute to the understanding of the nature of business incubation industry and identify its blind spots. As this research puts a greater emphasis on the strategy of BIs during economic crises, its findings might be of practical value for anyone who is involved in managing a BI. This practical impact is one of the main goals of the study since BIs’ activities rely heavily on the economic situation in the country. Additional knowledge on how to adapt BI’s strategy to economic crises could raise a particular interest to this issue within the business incubation society and stay relevant for another 3-5 years. The present research contains parts in the literature review section from the previous paper called ‘Analysis of Business Incubators Role in Developing, Sustaining and Motivation of Start-ups’ written by the author. LITERATURE REVIEW Evolution of Business Incubation concept It is accepted that the first incubator was created in New York in 1959 and was called the Batavia Industrial Centre (Theodorakopoulos et al., 2014). After that several papers were published which proclaimed business incubators as a vehicle for economic development. This significantly increased its popularity, and business incubators started to appear in America. However, the diffusion was slow during the 60s and 70s. People did not still understand why they might ne