Biography by Abraham Harold Maslow. Five broader layers of the hierarchy of needs. Low self-esteem and inferiority complexes as the negative version of the hierarchy of needs. Homeostasis as the principle by which people furnace thermostat operates.
Аннотация к работе
Beyond the details of air, water, food, and sex, he laid out five broader layers: the physiological needs, the needs for safety and security, the needs for love and belonging, the needs for esteem, and the need to actualize the self, in that order. Maslow believed, and research supports him, that these are in fact individual needs, and that a lack of, say, vitamin C, will lead to a very specific hunger for things which have in the past provided that vitamin C - e.g. orange juice. When physiological needs and safety needs are, by and large, taken care of, a third layer starts to show up. Maslow suggested that we can ask people for their “philosophy of the future” - what would their ideal life or world be like - and get significant information as to what needs they do or do not have covered. Maslow has used a variety of terms to refer to this level: He has called it growth motivation (in contrast to deficit motivation), being needs (or B-needs, in contrast to D-needs), and self-actualization.